Legionellosis is an infection that is caused by a bacterium.The bacterium thrives in the mist that is sprayed from air-conditioning ducts.The bacterium can infest an entire building.The illness takes two distinct forms: Legionnaires' disease and Pontiac fever.Legionnaires' disease is the more severe form and can be fatal.Pontiac fever is the far milder form of the illness.Symptoms of Legionnaires' disease include fever, chills, and a cough.At its worst, Legionnaires' disease can cause severe pneumonia and respiratory failure.Although antibiotics are effective for treatment, the most useful approach is prevention.Legionellosis is an infection that is caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila. The disease has two distinct forms:
Pneumonia Pneumonia is inflammation of one or both lungs with consolidation. Pneumonia is frequently but not always due to infection. The infection may be bacterial, viral, fungal or parasitic. Symptoms may include fever, chills, cough with sputum production, chest pain, and shortness of breath.Diarrhea Diarrhea is a change is the frequency and looseness of bowel movements. Cramping, abdominal pain, and the sensation of rectal urgency are all symptoms of diarrhea. Absorbents and anti-motility medications are used to treat diarrhea.Headache Headaches can be divided into two categories: primary headaches and secondary headaches. Migraine headaches, tension headaches, and cluster headaches are considered primary headaches. Secondary headaches are caused by disease. Headache symptoms vary with the headache type. Over-the-counter pain relievers provide short-term relief for most headaches.Chronic Cough Chronic cough is a cough that does not go away and is generally a symptom of another disorder such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, sinus infection, cigarette smoking, GERD, postnasal drip, bronchitis, pneumonia, medications, and less frequently tumors or other lung disease. Treatment of chronic cough is dependant upon the cause.Fever Although a fever technically is any body temperature above the normal of 98.6 degrees F. (37 degrees C.), in practice a person is usually not considered to have a significant fever until the temperature is above 100.4 degrees F (38 degrees C.). Fever is part of the body's own disease-fighting arsenal: rising body temperatures apparently are capable of killing off many disease- producing organisms.ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a lung condition in which trauma to the lungs leads to inflammation of the lungs, accumulation of fluid in the alveolar air sacs, low blood oxygen, and respiratory distress. Causes of ARDS include: pneumonia, aspiration, severe blow to the chest, sepsis, severe injury with shock, drug overdose, and/or inflamed pancreas. Treatment for ARDS include extra oxygen, and/or medication. 
Chronic Cough »
Chronic cough is a cough that persists. Chronic cough is not a disease in itself; rather it is a symptom of an underlying condition. Chronic cough is a common problem and the reason for many doctor visits.
Some common causes of chronic cough include asthma, allergic rhinitis, sinus problems (for example sinus infection), and esophageal reflux of stomach contents. In rare occasions, chronic cough may be the result of aspiration of foreign objects into the lungs (usually in children). It is very important to see a doctor who may order a chest X-ray if a chronic cough is present. The following are common causes of chronic coughing.
Cigarette smoking actually is the most common cause of chronic cough. Asthma is a disease of airways, resulting in difficulty breathing or wheezing often characterized by abnormal breathing...Read the Chronic Cough article »
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You have free access to this contentLegionella secreted effectors and innate immune responsesZhao-Qing LuoArticle first published online: 10 NOV 2011DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2011.01713.x© 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd Issue 
Cellular MicrobiologyEarly View (Online Version of Record published before inclusion in an issue)Additional InformationHow to CiteLuo, Z.-Q. (2011), Legionella secreted effectors and innate immune responses. Cellular Microbiology. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2011.01713.xAuthor Information
Research article Louise H Krojgaard, Karen A Krogfelt, Hans-Jorgen Albrechtsen and Soren A Uldum For all author emails, please log on. ![[ Back to EurekAlert! ]](/back2e.gif){kind=small}
Public release date: 17-Nov-2011
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Arch Dis Child 2011;96:1097-1102 doi:10.1136/archdischild-2011-300606 P Edwards1, MA Durand2, M Hollister3, J Green2, S Lutchmun4, A Kessel5, I Roberts11Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK 2Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK 3Department of Housing & Adult Social Care, London Borough of Camden, London, UK 4Public Health Department, NHS Camden, St Pancras Hospital, London, UK 5Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK Correspondence to Dr Phil Edwards, NPHIR, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK; phil.edwards{at}LSHTM.ac.ukContributors PE, IR, JG, MAD, MH, SL and AK designed the study. MAD managed the data collection and fieldwork. PE conducted the data analyses. PE, MAD, IR and JG interpreted the results. PE and MAD wrote the first draft of the manuscript. IR, JG, AK, SL and MH commented on the draft and contributed to the final manuscript. 
